
By Anita Sethi
www.twitter.com/anitasethi
Issues at the heart of life and literature during The Arab Spring were debated earlier this month at the Southbank Centre when we were treated to a stimulating discussion from Johnny West and Sahar El Mougy; if you missed the event, fear not, as below is an exclusive interview with Sahar El Mougy. Discussions about the intersection between culture and politics continue on 20th October, 7.45pm when three leading authors from Egypt, Khaled Al Khamissi, Ahmed Mourad, and Ahmed Khaled Towfik, published by Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation, shall be appearing at the Southbank, shedding insights into a country which has been at the heart of geopolitical events in 2011.
AN INTERVIEW WITH SAHAR EL MOUGY
* Could you describe your experiences in Tahir Square during the Arab Spring?
Tahrir Square was and still is a life transforming experience. When I saw the demonstrations on TV 25th January, I knew I will be going down with my children on Friday of Rage (28th January). We knew it would not be an easy ride. We had our vinegar bottles and Pepsi (as anti tear gas remedies) and met with friends and went. It was supposed to start after the Friday prayers, i.e. around 1.00 p.m. The first crowd of people we saw was huge. I shivered. Walking in the crowd, chanting “the people want to oust the regime”, then seeing some young men climb the picture of the tyrant and tear it, I felt I was watching a rewind of the Saddan Hussein fall. But this time it was no rewind. It was live. The security forces started the brutal acts early, maybe just an hour after we started. Tear gas bombs. Rubber bullets. We started running away from the gas. But I heard some men shouting “Don’t run. Come back”. I knew we wouldn’t quit. The rest of the day was tough. Smelling tear gas for a whole day is sickening. Yet, I knew all along this was a rebirth. By 7 p.m. we managed to go into Tahrir. The scene was indescribable. People flooded into the place, injured, bruised, in tears, yet there was this woman who stood in the middle of the street and she started ululating. She was giving voice to the joy we all felt. People you didn’t know would offer you vinegar and onions and cigarettes. We would look at each other in amazement. We were seeing our beauty and strength in each other for the first time. No matter how exhausted we were, we all smiled.

Sahar El Mougy in Egypt
* You described that “it was was a revolution that was to a great extent feminine”: could you describe more about this?
The first four days of the revolution, before the security suddenly vanished from most corners of Egypt, the male/ patriarchal/ tyrannical attitude dominated not just in the brutality of the security attacking peaceful demonstrators who only carried slogans and flags, but also in the discourse of the tyrant and his men. They were late in showing up. They claimed they knew what is good for us. They didn’t mind killing more than a thousand people and blowing the eyes of another thousand. They were killers. It was all about the “force”. Later, the feminine dominated. You could see that in the music and songs in Tahrir, in the wit and humour, in all the palms of strangers offering you water and dried dates. There was this tenderness among people that you could not but see as the anima of the Egyptians coming to the fore after years of oppression. Love flooded the angry crowds. We were angry against Mubarak who has always humiliated and lied to us. And we were discovering this surging love for each other. The simple and not so well off people would ask the well to do “why are you here?”. And the well to do looked at them in admiration, explained this anger has nothing to do with how much you earned, which schools you took your children too. It was about “karama” (dignity), a concept so well put by Johnny West in his book Karama: Journeys in the Arab Spring.
* What is the impact of the revolution on women? What effects do you think it will have for the future?
It will certainly have a tremendous effect on society in general, women being part of it. When you have social justice, the male oppressors would realize they have no need to vent out their anger against women. Women, on the other hand, have been empowered by the revolution, their newly discovered inner power would change a lot. However, I have to say here that when it comes to women, we need cultural change, a social revolution, which will take longer than ousting a tyrant.
* What are the main challenges facing a female writer in Egypt? Did you have to struggle for the “right to write” (you have previously described the experience of getting divorced as a step towards self-realization)?
When I was arguing with my ex husband, who felt threatened and insecure by me starting a writing career, I knew I was not arguing with a person only, I was in conflict with a patriarchal mode of thinking. I was one woman (a Nora’s Ibsen), and he was a whole society that told women “nothing is more important than your family”. When you tried to explain there is no competition, things could coexist, it fell on deaf ears. In that sense, I was facing a challenge. But it was not a challenge “to write”. It was rather a challenge to be the human being I was growing to be. But then when I stepped into the world of writing, I have to say I was warmly received by critics and readers. It seems I was giving voice to the experience of many Egyptian women.
* Could you describe your journey to becoming a writer? You’ve described before a turning point when you were 30 and depressed, and turned to writing. It would be interesting to hear more about this.
It was on the night of my 30th Birthday that I felt I wanted to write to know how I feel about the day. I just couldn’t figure out how I felt. Was I unhappy about stepping unto the second half of my life? On the blank page, I found myself faced with the depression I suffered during my 20s. I found out I was depressed because I have tried so hard to please the people around me, to be the good girl everyone was expecting. I realized how I buried the child within under a heap of social expectations. “Oh my God, I don’t know who I am!”, the bitter but illuminating realization dawned upon me. Hence was the beginning of a quest for the true me, hidden deep within. During this process, pain and eventual loss were companions. Yet the journey was definitely worthwhile. I came across pleasant surprises, new things to know about myself and the world. My basic tool in the inner journey was writing. This is why my first collection of short stories The Lady of the Dream (1998) is a jigsaw of a feminine self re- identifying the alphabet of the “self”: the places that mattered, the unhealthy relationships… etc. In retrospect, I was writing the person I am as well as foreseeing the metamorphosis. Dreams, memories, histories were a great help along the way.
* What are the main challenges and obstacles now facing women and the taboos that need breaking?
A lot has to be done to rebuild a free and humane society respectful of all its people. In this process, women need to free their minds from the patriarchal mindset which has brainwashed them into seeing themselves as inferior. Liberal values need to be endorsed. Religious preachers need to be de- iconized (if I can say so) so that no authority is higher than the individual human mind.
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